WWW Chemistry Resources Kimya Kaynakları
Kimya Kaynakları
Please note that the new Virtual Library: Chemistry site is located at http://www.liv.ac.uk/Chemistry/Links/links.html 
CONTENTS 
- WWW Chemistry Sites 
- Academic Institutions || Non-profit Organizations || Commercial Organizations || 
- Other Lists of Chemistry Resources and Related WWW Virtual Libraries || 
- Special Projects || Publications ||Announcements 
- Chemistry Software Ads || Specialty Ads || Chemical Industry Consultants 
- Other Chemistry Services 
- Chemistry Gopher Servers || Chemistry FTP Servers 
- Chemistry and Biochemistry USENET News Groups 
	
	
	 
 
	
	  
	
	 
 
	
	
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Chemistry
	Chemistry and Reference web sites
Other Chemistry Resources 
	
	See the table of contents on the left for other chemistry resources on the web. 
	
	
	See also: 
	
	
	Chemical and Physical Property resources 
	
	
	Chemical Ethics resources  
	
	
	Patent resources 
	
	
	
	233 Perkins Library | anne.langley@duke.edu | 919.660.1578 
	
	
		- WWW Virtual Library - Chemistry - A list of links to various useful categories of Chemistry pages from academic institutions, nonprofits, and corporations. 
- Yahoo - Chemistry - Yahoo's list of categories for chemistry. 
- ChemDex-Sheffield List of Chemistry Internet Sites - The Sheffield ChemDexTM is part of Chemdex.org and has existed on the WWW since 1993. It is regularly updated and contains over 5000 links to chemistry-related sites. 
- Chemical Information Sources from Indiana University - CHEMINFO will help you find and learn how to use chemistry information resources on the Internet and elsewhere. 
- TORVS Chemical Internet Services - Many useful programs and resources for chemistry here. 
- Trinity University Cheminformatics Site - This WWW site is dedicated to exploring the use of the internet as a means for distributing chemical information. 
- Internet Resources: Chemistry - Part of the Internet Resources for Science and Mathematics Education. Collected by Tom O'Haver for the Maryland Collaborative for Teacher Preparation. 
- Rolf Claessen's Chemistry Index - Especially useful is the Databases section of the Index, but there is also information on companies, journals, and patents. 
- Chemical and Physical Property Information Resources in the Chemistry Library - A list by property of available references in the Chemistry Library - VERY USEFUL! 
- http://www.lib.duke.edu/databases/descriptions/accesssci.htm is an encyclopedia of scienceand technology. It provides the full text of over 7,000 articles, 115,000 definitions, and 1,200 biographies of scientists. AccessScience also offers weekly news articles, biographies, research updates, and lists of other resources. 
- Locating Patent Information on the WWW - A guide to finding patent information on the Web, with links. 
- Locating Conference Proceedings in the Chemistry Library - A guide to finding conference proceedings in the library. 
- Chemical Meetings and Conferences Information - Links to three databases which list/announce upcoming meetings and conferences. 
- IUPAC Recommendations on Organic and Biochemical Nomenclature - The official IUPAC site for naming organic and biochemical compounds. 
- Facts & Figures for Chemical R & D - C & E News, 1998 - The most recent annual Facts and Figures article (October 1998) 
- Chemical Company Catalogs on the Web - Links to chemical catalogs on the Web 
- Thomas Register of American Manufacturers - A search engine for information on manufacturers and their products on the Web (free registration required for use) 
- Federal Sources of Research Funding - A list (with links) of several federal funding sources 
- Community of Science, Inc. Funding News - A search engine to find funding sources for scientific research 
- Chemical Education Book Publishers - Contact information on the major publishers, from the Journal of Chemical Education. 
- Ask Jeeves - Named for the omniscient valet Jeeves in P.G. Wodehouse's famous novels, this is a meta search engine which uses natural language processing. Also Anne and K.T.'s favorite search engine. VERY USEFUL! 
- Dogpile - Another great meta search engine. 
- Ask a Librarian - Get general reference help through chat or email to the Perkins Library Reference staff. 
- The Internet Public Library - An online library, with resources, "pathfinders" (resource guides), and virtual reference librarians. You can ask the librarians at the IPL a question and get a response in about a week. 
- Federal Government Public Documents and Information - A general list of online documents available through Duke Public Documents and Maps Department 
- A Web of Online Dictionaries - A meta engine for searching over 800 dictionaries in 160 different languages. 
Table of Contents 
	
	
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	General Principles
	
	Structure & Bonding Electron Configurations of Atoms Chemical Bonding & Valence Charge Distribution in Molecules Practice Problems The Shape of Molecules Isomers Analysis of Molecular Formulas Resonance Atomic and Molecular Orbitals Practice Problems 
	
	
	Intermolecular Forces Boiling & Melting Points Hydrogen Bonding Crystalline Solids Water Solubility Practice Problems 
	
	
	Chemical Reactivity Reaction Classification By Structural Change By Reaction Type Acid-Base Reactions Oxidations & Reductions By Functional Group Reaction Variables Reactants & Reagents Product Selectivity Other Variables Reaction Rate Intermediates Reaction Energetics Bond Energy Electronic Effects Steric Effects Solvent Effects Reaction Mechanisms Curved Arrow Notation Reactive Intermediates Reaction Illustrations Nucleophilicity & Basicity Acid-Base Catalysis Practice Problems 
	
	
	Aromaticity Benzene Fused Ring Compounds Other Aromatic Compounds The Hückel Rule Practice Problems 
	
	
	Nomenclature Alkanes Cycloalkanes Practice Problems Alkenes & Alkynes Substituted Benzenes Other Functional Groups Practice Problems 
	
	
	Stereoisomers Part I Alkene Configurational Isomers Cycloalkane Configurational Isomers Practice Problems Conformational Isomers Ethane Butane Cycloalkanes Substituted Cyclohexanes Practice Problems 
	
	
	Stereoisomers Part II Chirality & Symmetry Symmetry Elements Enantiomorphism Optical Activity Configurational Nomenclature Compounds with Several Stereogenic Centers Stereogenic Nitrogen Fischer Projection Formulas Achiral Diastereomers Other Configurational Notations Resolution Conformational Enantiomorphism Practice Problems 
	
	
	Summary of Isomerism 
	
	
	
	
	
	Other Topics
	
	Spectroscopy 
	
	
	Mass Spectrometry Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy Infrared Spectroscopy Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 
	
	
	Biochemicals 
	
	
	Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins and Amino Acids Nucleic Acids 
	
	
	Free Radicals 
	
	
	Heterocycles 
	
	
	Macromolecules 
	
	
	Organometallic Chemistry 
	
	
	Pericyclic Reactions 
	
	
	Photochemistry 
	
	
	Anionic Rearrangements 
	
	
	Cationic Rearrangements 
	
	
	Introduction to Synthesis 
	
	
	Principles of Modern Synthesis Stereoselective Synthesis 
	
	
	Concerning Practice Problems
	
	The practice problems provided as part of this text are chiefly interactive, and should provide a useful assessment of the reader's understanding at various stages in the development of the subject. Some of these problems make use of a Molecular Editor drawing application created by Peter.Ertl. To practice using this editor Click Here.
	Since problem solving is essential to achieving an effective mastery of the subject, it is recommended that many more problems be worked. Most organic chemistry textbooks contain a broad assortment of suitable problems, and paperback collections of practice problems are also available. In addition, a large collection of multiple choice problems may be viewed Here.
	The following button will activate a collection of problems concerning the reactivity of common functional groups. 
	
	
	The following web-sites provide nice collections of problems and answers:
	Towson University-reaction quizzes and summaries
	Ohio State University-electronic flashcards
	University of Wisconsin-concept questions
	UCLA-helpful advice
	Notre Dame-spectroscopy problems 
	
	
	For a useful collection of study materials, including links to other sites, visit the Organic chemistry tool-kit. Prepared by Bob Hanson, St. Olaf College 
	
	Functional Group Reactions
	
	Alkanes Combustion Substitution (of H by halogen) Practice Problems 
	
	
	Alkenes Electrophilic Additions Strong Brønsted Acids Lewis Acids (non-Proton Electrophiles) Electrophilic Halogen Reagents Other Electrophilic Reagents Reduction Oxidation Radical Additions Allylic Substitution Practice Problems Dienes Addition Reactions Diels-Alder Cycloaddition Practice Problems 
	
	
	Alkynes Addition Reactions Hydrogenation Electrophiles Hydration & Tautomerism Hydroboration Nucleophilile Addition & Reduction Acidity of Terminal Alkynes (Substitution of H) Practice Problems 
	
	
	Alkyl Halides Occurrence General Reactivity Substitution(of X) SN2 Mechanism SN1 Mechanism Elimination (of HX) Summary of Substiution vs. Elimination Substitution by Metals Elimination Reactions of Dihalides Practice Problems 
	
	
	Alcohols Nomenclature Reactions of Alcohols Substitution of the Hydroxyl H Substitution of the Hydroxyl Group Elimination of Water Oxidation of Alcohols Reactions of Phenols Acidity of Phenols Ring Substitution of Phenols Oxidation to Quinones Practice Problems 
	
	
	Ethers Nomenclature Preparation of Ethers Reactions of Ethers Acid Cleavage Peroxide Formation Epoxide Reactions Practice Problems 
	
	
	Thiols & Sulfides Sulfur Analogs of Alcohols & Ethers 
	
	
	Benzene & Derivatives Electrophilic Substitution A Substitution Mechanism Reactions of Substituted Benzenes Reaction Characteristics Reactions of Disubstituted Rings Reactions of Substituent Groups Nucleophilic Substitution, Elimination & Addition Reactions Practice Problems 
	
	
	Amines Nomenclature & Structure Properties of Amines Boiling Point & Solubility Basicity of Nitrogen Compounds Acidity of Nitrogen Compounds Important Reagent Bases Reactions of Amines Electrophilic Substitution at Nitrogen Preparation of 1º-Amines Preparation of 2º & 3º-Amines Practice Problems Reactions with Nitrous Acid Reactions of Aryl Diazonium Intermediates Elimination Reactions of Amines Oxidation States of Nitrogen Practice Problems 
	
	
	Phosphines Phosphorus Analogs of Amines 
	
	
	Aldehydes & Ketones Nomenclature of Aldehydes & Ketones Occurrence of Aldehydes & Ketones Natural Products Synthetic Preparation Properties of Aldehydes & Ketones Reversible Addition Reactions Hydration & Hemiacetal Formation Acetal Formation Imine Formation Enamine Formation Cyanohydrin Formation Irreversible Addition Reactions Complex Metal Hydrides Organometallic Reagents Carbonyl Group Modification Wolff-Kishner Reduction Clemmensen Reduction Hydrogenolysis of Thioacetals Oxidations Reactions at the ?-Carbon Mechanism of Electrophilic ?-Substitution The Aldol Reaction Ambident Enolate Anions Alkylation of Enolate Anions Practice Problems 
	
	
	Carboxylic Acids Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids Natural Products Related Derivatives Physical Properties Acidity Preparation of Carboxylic Acids Reactions of Carboxylic Acids Salt Formation Substitution of Hydroxyl Hydrogen Substitution of the Hydroxyl Group Reduction & Oxidation Practice Problems 
	
	
	Carboxylic Derivatives Physical Properties Nomenclature Reactions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Acyl Group Substitution Mechanism Reduction Catalytic Reduction Metal Hydride Reduction Diborane Reduction Reaction with Organometallic Reagents Practice Problems Reactions at the ? Carbon Acidity of ? C-H The Claisen Condensation Synthesis Applications Practice Problems 
	
	
	Chemistry - Matter, Atoms, & More
	
	
	General Sites
	Chem4Kids
	CHEMystery
	All About Atoms
	About Atoms
	The Particle Adventure
	Atom Builder
	Matter Interactive
	Molecule of the Month
	Science Is Fun
	OMSI Experiencing Chemistry
	About Atoms - Bonds
	Chemistry - An Introduction
	Chemistry & You
	Drag & Drop Chemical Formulas*
	Drag & Drop Molecule Magic*
	Physical/Chemical Changes
	Physical/Chemical Changes Quiz
	EPA Chemicals at Home
	Fermilabyrinth
	Viscosity Explorer
	Chemistry Q & A 
	
	* Games work only in Internet Explorer
	** Requires a subscription
	
	
	Chemical Equations
	Chemical Equations
	Classic ChemBalancer
	It's Elemental - Balancing Act
	Review ChemBalancer
	Brain Boggle ChemBalancer
	Balancing Equations Tutorial
	Creative Chemistry Balancing Equations
	Stinks & Bangs Equations
	
	Fireworks
	PBS Kaboom
	NOVA Fireworks
	How Fireworks Work
	The Chemistry of Fireworks
	 COTW - Fireworks
	BrainPOP Fireworks**
	Interactive Fireworks 
	
	
	Polymers
	Plastics 101
	History of Plastics
	HandsOn Plastics
	Kids' Macrogalleria
	Polymer Flash Activities
	Polymers - They're Everywhere
	Plastiquarian
	Strange Matter
	Nobel Plastics & Polymers
	Nobel Heating Plastics Game 
	
	
	Chemistry Games & Puzzles
	JLab Games & Puzzles
	Element Quiz
	Find the Element
	Mrs. T's Chemistry Challenge
	Mrs. T's Elemental Quiz
	Quia Chem Games-Common Chemicals
	FunBrain - Proton Don
	Syvum Chemistry Games
	Element Games
	Chem Class Games
	Chemistry for Beginners
	Chemistry Jigsaw Puzzles
	Stinks & Bangs Matching Games
	Oil Strike Game 
	
	
	 
 
	
	
	 
	
	
 
 
 
	
	
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